We only know it burns the blood like powdered glass, that it exhausts, rejects all the sweet geometry we understand, that it shatters styles and makes Goya, master of the greys, silvers and pinks of the finest English art, paint with his knees and fists in terrible bitumen blacks, or strips Mossn Cinto Verdaguer stark naked in the cold of the Pyrenees, or sends Jorge Manrique to wait for death in the wastes of Ocaa, or clothes Rimbauds delicate body in a saltimbanques costume, or gives the Comte de Lautramont the eyes of a dead fish, at dawn, on the boulevard. This was the case withthe duende-haunted Eleonara Duse, who searched out failed plays to make triumphs of them through her inventiveness, and the case with Paganini, explained by Goethe, who made one hear profound melody in vulgar trifles, and the case of a delightful young girl in Port St. Marys, whom I saw singing and dancing that terrible Italian song O Mari! with such rhythm, pauses and intensity that she turned Italian dross into a brave serpent of gold. Theory and Play Of The Duende by F. Garcia Lorca Lorca's talks on the duende along with his poetry were the inspiration behind my 2009 Neil Munroe Directos' Project at the Shaw Festival, The Love of Don Perlimplin for Belisa in his Garden. The duende.Where is the duende? An extract from Theory and Play Of The Duende. So, then, I dont want anyone to confuse theduendewith the theological demon of doubt at whom Luther, with Bacchic feeling, hurled a pot of ink in Eisenach, nor the Catholic devil, destructive and of low intelligence, who disguised himself as a bitch to enter convents, nor the talking monkey carried by Cervantes Malgesi in his comedy of jealousies in the Andalusian woods. Goodreads members who liked Th. Not only isLa dama duende a suspenseful play, but it is the perfect test case concerning the nature of suspense in art. to the youth ofSalamanca, recently killed by a bull, who cried out: Friends, I am dying: The bullfighter who terrifies the public with his bravery in the ring is not fighting bulls, but has lowered himself to a ridiculous level, to doing what anyone can do, by playing with his life: but the toreador who is bitten by the duende gives a lesson in Pythagorean music and makes us forget that his is constantly throwing his heart at the horns. The hut, the wheel of a cart, the razor, and the prickly beards of shepherds, the barren moon, the flies, the damp cupboards, the rubble, the lace-covered saints, the wounding lines of eaves and balconies, in Spain grow tiny weeds of death, allusions and voices, perceptible to an alert spirit, that fill the memory with the stale air of our own passing. Not in Spain. In the essay, Lorca identifies three distinct spiritual entities that inspire all human creativity: 1). Then La Nia de Los Peines got up like a madwoman, trembling like a medieval mourner, and drank, in one gulp, a huge glass of fiery spirits, and began to sing with a scorched throat, without voice, breath, colour, butwith duende. In the room was Ignacio Espeleta, handsome as a Roman tortoise, who was once asked: Why dont you work? and who replied with a smile worthy of Argantonius: How should I work, if Im from Cadiz?, In the room was Elvira, fiery aristocrat, whore from Seville, descended in line from Soledad Vargos, who in 30 didnt wish to marry with a Rothschild, because he wasnt her equal in blood. They portray Galileo and his daughter (who became a nun and took the name Sister Maria Celeste) as well as many other colorful figures of the day.Galileo Galilei was a fat Antonio Segura Mesa was very excited about Lorca's talent and encouraged him to pursue a music career. The Sociologist, the Philanthropist, the Race-leader are not unaware of theNew Negro . Whoever travels the bulls hide that stretches between the Jcar, Guadalfeo, Sil and Pisuerga rivers (not to mention the tributaries that meet those waves, the colour of a lions mane, that stir the Plata) frequently hears people say: This has muchduende. The Roma have withstood cruelty, racism and oppression. It comes from inside as a physical/emotional response to art. Edward Hirsch, The Demon and the Angel This book is the ideal companion piece to "Theory and Play of the Duende." It updates and expands upon Garcia Lorca's essay. In summary, the style of flamenco known today was developed and professionalized in the nineteenth century, though Washabaugh claims there are three dominant and conflicting theories of its origin. In an adventure reminiscent of Homer's Odyssey, fifteen-year-old Odilia and her four younger sisters embark on a journey to return a dead man to his family in Mexico, aided by La Llorona, but impeded by a witch, a warlock, chupacabras, and He says in his 'Play and Theory of the Duende': "Manuel Torre, great artist of the Andalusian people, once told a singer, 'You have the voice . Antonia Merc, stage-named La Argentina, was the most celebrated Spanish dancer of the early 20th century. The Muse dictates, and occasionally prompts. This attempted to define a schema of artistic inspiration, arguing that great art depends upon a vivid awareness of death, connection with a nation's soil, and an acknowledgment of the limitations of reason. muses, 2). In Spain (as among Oriental races, where the dance is religious expression) theduendehas a limitless hold over the bodies of the dancers of Cadiz, praised by Martial, the breasts of those who sing, praised by Juvenal, and over all the liturgies of the bullring, an authentic religious drama, where in the same manner as in the Mass, a God is sacrificed to, and adored. That wonderful singer El Lebrijano, creator of the Debla, said: On days when I sing with duende no one can touchme.: the old Gypsy dancer La Malena once heard Brailowsky play a fragment of Bach, and exclaimed: Ol! Found inside Page 44Lorca, Play and Theory of the Duende," 58. 54. For excellent summaries of the repudiation of "feminine" values in high modernist aesthetics, see Clark, Sentimental Modernism and Felski, Gender of Modernity. 62. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Every art and every country is capable of duende, angel and Muse: and just as Germany owns to the Muse, with a few exceptions, and Italy the perennial angel, Spain is, at all times, stirred by the duende, country of ancient music and dance, where the duende squeezes out those lemons of dawn, a country of death, a country open to death. andmore, Professional Ottawa Region Theatre Alliance List. Once, the Andalusian Flamenco singer Pastora Pavon, La Nia de Los Peines, sombre Spanish genius, equal in power of fancy to Goya or Rafael el Gallo, was singing in a little tavern in Cadiz. Further, among this tiny elect group, he is the only Wharton MBA holder, with a c.v. which includes a stint as a researcher for the . In the garden Italo Calvino. Focusing on the work of Virginia Woolf, Wyndham Lewis, Ezra Pound, and Wallace Stevens, Mao shows that modernists were captivated by physical objects, which, regarded as objects, seemed to partake of a utopian serenity beyond the reach of (LogOut/ Garca Rodrguez saw his fortunes rise with a boom in the sugar industry. A box containing twelve bottles of wine or other drink, sold as a unit. His father, Federico Garca Rodrguez, was a prosperous landowner with a farm in the fertile vega (valley) near Granada and a comfortable villa in the heart of the city. Lagartijo, with his Romanduende, Joselito with his Jewishduende, Belmonte with his Baroqueduende, and Cagancho with his Gypsyduende, showed, from the twilight of the bullring, poets, painters and composers the four great highways of Spanish tradition. Naturally when this escape is perfected, everyone feels the effect: the initiate in seeing style defeat inadequate content, and the novice in sensing authentic emotion. But its impossible for it ever to repeat itself, and its important to underscore this. What is difficult is to know how to discover it, and to awake the deep lakes of the soul. Between 1918 when I entered theResidencia de Estudiantesin Madrid, and 1928 when I left, having completed my study of Philosophy and Letters, I listened to around a thousand lectures, in that elegant salon where the old Spanish aristocracy went to do penance for its frivolity on French beaches. Manuel Torre, great artist of the Andalusian people, said to someone who sang for him: You have a voice, you understand style, but youll never ever succeed because you have noduende.. (LogOut/ The arrival of theduendepresupposes a radical change to all the old kinds of form, brings totally unknown and fresh sensations, with the qualities of a newly created rose, miraculous, generating an almost religious enthusiasm. Whoever travels the bulls hide that stretches between the Jcar, Guadalfeo, Sil and Pisuerga rivers (not to mention the tributaries that meet those waves, the colour of a lions mane, that stir the Plata) frequently hears people say: This has much duende. Garcia Lorca, Theory and Play Of The Duende "Goethe, who in speaking of Paganini hit on a definition of the duende: 'A mysterious force that everyone feels and no philosopher has explained.' So, then, the duende is a force not a labour, a struggle not a thought. . LONGLISTED FOR THE 2020 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD FOR POETRY The astonishing second collection by the author of Slow Lightning, winner of the Yale Younger Poets Prize Guillotine traverses desert landscapes cut through by migrants, the grief of All the arts are capable ofduende, but where it naturally creates most space, as in music, dance and spoken poetry, the living flesh is needed to interpret them, since they have forms that are born and die, perpetually, and raise their contours above the precise present. Her voice no longer at play, her voice a jet of blood, worthy of her pain and her sincerity, opened like a ten-fingered hand as in the feet, nailed there but storm-filled, of a Christ by Juan de Juni. Now in Paperback In Dime-Store Alchemy, poet Charles Simic reflects on the life and work of Joseph Cornell, the maverick surrealist who is one of America's great artists. This is how one would see Mang Serapio in Theater Titas and Duende Theatre's 50th-anniversary production of "Ang Paglilitis kay Mang Serapio." Written by Dr. Paul Dumol, the play is a timeless . What is admirable of a spirit is to receive an emotion and interpret it in various ways, all of them are different and contrary. Pride Month is also a time to honor the many contributions of LGBTQ individuals. Ladies and Gentlemen, I have raised three arches and with clumsy hands placed within them the Muse, the angel and theduende. The hut, the wheel of a cart, the razor, and the prickly beards of shepherds, the barren moon, the flies, the damp cupboards, the rubble, the lace-covered saints, the wounding lines of eaves and balconies, in Spain grow tiny weeds of death, allusions and voices, perceptible to an alert spirit, that fill the memory with the stale air of our own passing. Through the empty archway a wind of the spirit enters, blowing insistently over the heads of the dead, in search of new landscapes and unknown accents: a wind with the odour of a childs saliva, crushed grass, and medusas veil, announcing the endless baptism of freshly created things. While theduendehas to be roused from the furthest habitations of the blood. In every other country death is an ending. Only, a little man, one of those dancing midgets who leap up suddenly from behind brandy bottles, sarcastically, in a very soft voice, said: Viva, Paris! as if to say: Here ability is not important, nor technique, nor skill. Marie Laffranque, a Lorca specialist, says that the Duende is the pain itself, the wounding, and no resigned conscience of pain, evil, and misfortune. We use cookies for social media and essential site functions. Later, his American reception would zero in on his folklorism, which is why our picture of Lorca today is "based primarily on the essay 'Play and Theory of the Duende' along with some loose . But, there was nothing there: it was useless. The magic power of a poem consists in it always being filled with duende, in its baptising all who gaze at it with dark water, since with duende it is easier to love, to understand, and be certain of being loved, and being understood, and this struggle for expression and the communication of that expression in poetry sometimes acquires a fatal character. Muse poets hear voices and dont know where theyre from, but theyre from the Muse who inspires them and sometimes makes her meal of them, as in the case of Apollinaire, a great poet destroyed by the terrifying Muse, next to whom the divine angelic Rousseau once painted him. The roads where one searches for God are known, whether by the barbaric way of the hermit or the subtle one of the mystic: with a tower, like St. Teresa, or by the three paths ofSt. Only, a little man, one of those dancing midgets who leap up suddenly from behind brandy bottles, sarcastically, in a very soft voice, said: Viva, Paris! as if to say: Here ability is not important, nor technique, nor skill. In the room were theFloridas, whom people think are butchers, but who in reality are millennial priests who still sacrifice bulls to Geryon, and in the corner was that formidable breeder of bulls, Don Pablo Murube, with the look of a Cretan mask. Each art, as is natural, has a distinct mode and form of duende, but their roots unite at the point from which flow the dark sounds of Manuel Torre, the ultimate matter, and uncontrollable mutual depth and extremity of wood, sound, canvas, word. Its most impressive effects appear in the bullring, since it must struggle on the one hand with death, which can destroy it, and on the other with geometry, measure, the fundamental basis of the festival. Required Texts: None. Found insideMichener's personal observations and vivid recollections enhance an informal portrait of Spanish life and culture. Book available. This mysterious force that everyone feels and no philosopher has explained is, in sum, the spirit of the earth, the sameduendethat scorched Nietzches heart as he searched for its outer form on the Rialto Bridge and in Bizets music, without finding it, and without seeing that theduendehe pursued had leapt from the Greek mysteries to the dancers of Cadiz and the headless Dionysiac scream of Silveriossiguiriya. Featured translations include Dante, Ovid, Goethe, Homer, Virgil and many others. Gregorio Hernndez Muse, and Jos de Moras angel must bow to the passage of de Menas duende weeping tears of blood, and Martnez Montaz duende with the head of an Assyrian bull, just as the melancholic Muse of Catalonia, and the damp angel of Galicia, gaze in loving wonder at the duende of Castile, so far from their warm bread and gentle grazing cattle, with its norms of sweeping sky and dry sierra. The angel on the road to Damascus, and that which entered through the cracks in the little balcony at Assisi, or the one that followed in Heinrich Susos footsteps, create order, and there is no way to oppose their light, since they beat their wings of steel in an atmosphere of predestination. A single instance or example of something. The roads where one searches for God are known, whether by the barbaric way of the hermit or the subtle one of the mystic: with a tower, like St. Teresa, or by the three paths of St. John of the Cross. 1. Theduendeworks on the dancers body like wind on sand. She had to rob herself of skill and safety: that is to say, banish her Muse, and be helpless, so herduendemight come, and deign to struggle with her at close quarters. June is Pride Month, an annual celebration commemorating the 1969 Stonewall Riots, which took place in New York City and launched the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer rights movement in the United States. The two longer and most important essays are on the "Deep Song", and the "Play and Theory of the Duende".The first of these is on a type of traditional gypsy ballad, where it comes from, why it is artistically and historically important, and what makes it unique - including its expression of the . Longing for air and sunlight, I was so bored I used to feel as though I was covered in fine ash, on the point of changing into peppery sneezes. It is a struggle, not a thought. (LogOut/ When the Muse sees death appear she closes the door, or builds a plinth, or displays an urn and writes an epitaph with her waxen hand, but afterwards she returns to tending her laurel in a silence that shivers between two breezes. The novel's title conveys its rebellious slant, as it tells the story of Haitian peasants who attempt after centuries of oppression to gain control over their external world. Synopsis This is a play about the manipulations of a woman who refuses to remain invisible. They'd get back at dawn, loaded, to find their own house had been robbed. The arms I hugged you with Save. I quote below The six strings from the subsection Graphic of the petenera from Poem of the cante jondo [1921]. Translated by A. S. Kline Copyright 2007, All Rights Reserved. Attached on Canvas. Instructors. It appears and they close the curtains. Essential reading. Remember the example of the flamenca,duende-filled St. Teresa. The husband in A secreto agravio, secreta venganza is called Don Lope de Alameida instead of Almeida (p. 147), and Cervantes's Los tratos de Argel is translated as 77ie Treatments in Algiers (p. 27). Most valiant vanquisher of the duende and the counter-example to Philip of Austria, who sought anxiously in Theology for Muse and angel, and was imprisoned by a duende of icy ardour in the Escorial Palace, where geometry borders on dream, and where the duende wears the mask of the Muse for the eternal punishment of that great king. In 1933 Spanish poet and theater director Federico Garcia Lorca gave a lecture in Buenos Aires titled "Play and Theory of the Duende" in which he addressed the fiery spirit, the 'duende', behind what makes great performance stir the emotions: "The duende, then, is a power, not a work. Gongoras Muse and Garcilasos angel must loose their laurel wreaths when St. Johnof the Crosss duende passes by, when: Gonzalo de Berceos Muse and the Archpriest of Hitas angel must depart to give way to Jorge Manrique, wounded to death at the door of thecastleofBelmonte. So, then, I dont want anyone to confuse the duende with the theological demon of doubt at whom Luther, with Bacchic feeling, hurled a pot of ink in Eisenach, nor the Catholic devil, destructive and of low intelligence, who disguised himself as a bitch to enter convents, nor the talking monkey carried by Cervantes Malgesi in his comedy of jealousies in the Andalusian woods. Echoes of Gilgamesh in the Jacob Story - Esther J. Hamori Excerpt: "It was popular for some time to seek apparent Near Eastern parallels to bibli-cal narratives. As well as many other artists, Lorca was deeply influenced by Greek culture. What is Play and the Theory of the Duende? The duende I mean, secret and shuddering, is descended from that blithe daemon, all marble and salt, of Socrates, whom it scratched at indignantly on the day when he drank the hemlock, and that other melancholy demon of Descartes, diminutive as a green almond, that, tired of lines and circles, fled along the canals to listen to the singing of drunken sailors. Metal leaf or folds of the tunic, it is her norm that the poet receives in his laurel grove. Angel and Muse come from outside us; the Angel brings a light, and the Muse gives a form (Hesiod learned from her). The original poem, "Juan Ramn Jimenez" from Garca Lorca's Songs, is dedicated to that prolific Andalusian poet Garca Lorca references in "Theory and Play of Duende" along with the duende itself (Garca Lorca 2002, 483). When the angel sees death appear he flies in slow circles, and with tears of ice and narcissi weaves the elegy we see trembling in the hands of Keats, Villasandino, Herrera, Bcquer, and Juan Ramn Jimnez. 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